伦理意见255
Use of Former Firm Lawyer on a Contract Basis
只要律所的客户准确地了解律所与合同澳门赌场官网之间的关系性质，并且没有造成律所与澳门赌场官网之间存在持续关系的印象，律所与该律所在个案基础上雇佣的前律所澳门赌场官网就不会被视为冲突目的的单一实体.
适用的规则
- 规则1.5(e)(费用分摊)
- 规则1.7(b)(4) (Conflicts Created by Lawyer’s Own Interests)
- 规则1.10(a)(推定取消资格)
- 规则7.1(a) (Communications Regarding a Lawyer’s Services)
调查
询问者是一家澳门赌场官网事务所(以下简称“公司”)，在哥伦比亚特区从事法律业务，并根据D.C. 专业公司法. 一位股东澳门赌场官网, 我们称他为B, 终止他与律所的雇佣协议以及他作为执业澳门赌场官网与律所的关系, although he will remain a shareholder in the Firm (as permitted by D.C. Code § 29-608) unless and until his shares are bought out by the Firm. B将不再, 然而, 公司的任何利润或亏损, 他的名字不会出现在事务所的信笺上，也不会出现在Martindale-Hubbell或类似出版物上的任何事务所澳门赌场官网名单上.
B将成为X公司的高级职员, but his position with 公司 X will 不 involve the provision of legal services. 公司 X will sublease space from the Firm and B will occupy that subleased space. The sublease contains a provision obligating 公司 X and its employees, 包括B, to refrain from listening to or examining matters pertaining to firm clients or firm 业务. 本所还建立了一个筛选系统，并采取了其他步骤，以确保本所或其客户的机密信息不被泄露, 未经授权, 给X公司或给B公司. 除了, B将被排除在本所的冲突清除系统之外，因此无法获得有关本所新客户事务的信息.
Because of B’s expertise in a specialized area of the law in which the Firm will continue to practice, 公司考虑与B达成一项安排, X公司已同意的, in which it proposes to employ B from time to time, 作为独立承包商, to assist the Firm as a lawyer or expert witness in providing legal services to the Firm’s clients. The Firm and B contemplate entering into a general contract, B同意考虑在特定事项中担任合同澳门赌场官网(指定为“特别澳门赌场官网”)或专家证人, or individual matter-specific contracts on each matter on which B is retained by the Firm. B will 不 be guaranteed any particular amount of payments from the Firm.
事务所还建议在给客户的宣传材料和信函中，说明B在其专业领域可以向事务所提供服务，前提是该等服务的提供符合道德规范并符合其对X公司的义务.
基于这些事实, 公司要求我们就(1)其考虑的安排是否会导致公司根据规则1承担责任提供意见.10 of any disqualification of B flowing from his status as an executive of 公司 X in matters in which B is 不 assisting the firm 作为独立承包商; and (2) whether the representations that the Firm intends to make in promotional letters to clients are consistent with 规则7.1.
讨论
When B becomes an employee of 公司 X, he will 不 be acting as a lawyer for 公司 X. 规则1的大部分规定.7, 因此, 不适用于B作为合同澳门赌场官网为事务所所做的工作，因为这些工作是由代表客户的澳门赌场官网在多个事项上触发的. However, B’s position with 公司 X could result in B’s disqualification, under 规则1.7(b)(4),1 from representing a client in a situation in which his professional judgment on behalf of that client would, 或者有可能, 受到B对X公司的责任或其在X公司的高层管理职位所产生的利益的不利影响.
In any case in which B would be disqualified from representing a client under 规则1.7(b)(4) because of his responsibilities to or interest in 公司 X, the Firm clearly would also be disqualified under 规则1.10(a) if B were associated with the Firm in that representation as a contract lawyer.2 调查提出的问题是，事务所与B的预期关系是否足以构成持续的联盟或联系，即使在B不是作为合同澳门赌场官网工作的事务所事务上，也可以归咎于事务所B的资格丧失.
我们不这么认为. 当然, 该委员会和美国澳门赌场官网协会道德与职业责任常设委员会都认为，澳门赌场官网与事务所之间或两家事务所之间持续的“澳门赌场官网关系”(如“代理”澳门赌场官网事务所)会导致澳门赌场官网与事务所之间的持续关系, 或者这两家公司, being treated as a single entity for conflicts purposes. 看到 D.C. 意见没有. 192 (May 17, 1988); ABA Formal 意见没有. 84-351(1984年10月20日). 但, 在我们看来, the association of a lawyer with a firm on an ad hoc, case-by-case basis does 不 create that kind of continuing relationship, 根据第1节触发归咎.10 of the individual lawyer’s disqualifications to the firm, 除非澳门赌场官网与律所在个别事务上有联系——只要律所不给客户或公众留下这种持续关系存在的印象.
Here, B will 不 be included on the Firm’s letterhead or in other listings of firm lawyers. 他将被禁止接触有关公司客户的机密信息以及他未作为独立承包商受雇的事项. 在给客户的宣传材料和信函中提到他的可用性，这将清楚地表明他可以根据具体情况处理具体问题，并且他与事务所没有持续的关系. We believe these steps are sufficient to avoid a general imputation of B’s disqualifications to the Firm. 看到 美国澳门赌场官网协会正式意见88-356. 16, 1988).
然而，我们还要提出一个警告. We believe that the term “special counsel” should 不 be used to describe B’s relationship to the Firm. While the term might be appropriately thought to de不e a relationship for the particular case only, 我们注意到，“特别顾问”一词也被许多澳门赌场官网事务所或多或少地与“澳门赌场官网”和“澳门赌场官网的”等术语互换使用,来命名一段持续的关系. 看到 美国澳门赌场官网协会正式意见90-357(1990年5月10日). While it may be true that all these terms have an evolving rather than a fixed meaning (看到 D.C. 意见没有. 151(四月十六日), 1985)), 我们认为，在本案中，本公司最好将B称为“顾问”或“合同澳门赌场官网”，而不是“特别澳门赌场官网”.”
The same caveat applies to the second question raised by the 调查. 我们认为没有违反第7条规则.13 in the Firm’s plans to describe for prospective clients, 在宣传材料和信件中, the availability of B as a contract lawyer or expert witness in particular cases. 这里的关键是充分和准确的披露. 正如美国澳门赌场官网协会委员会最近在讨论澳门赌场官网事务所之间的网络或联盟时所观察到的那样, “这很关键。, no matter what words are used to describe the relationship between firms, 让客户获得信息，告诉他们这种关系的确切性质，以及与客户保留声称这种关系的律所有关的另一家律所的资源将在多大程度上可用.” ABA Formal Opinion 94-388 (December 5, 1994). 规则7的任务规定.只有向所有可能与该关系相关的潜在客户和现有客户提供该关系的完整描述，才能满足第1条. Id.
同样的原则也适用于此, 我们的结论是，公司就其与B的关系所计划的陈述足以确保遵守规则7.1. 我们再次推荐, 然而, that the Firm 不 use the term “special counsel” to describe B’s relationship to the Firm.
调查没有. 95-2-3
通过:1995年3月21日
1. 规则1.第7(b)(4)款规定澳门赌场官网不得, 未经客户同意, 在“澳门赌场官网代表客户的专业判断将会或合理地可能会受到澳门赌场官网对第三方的责任或利益或澳门赌场官网自己的财务状况的不利影响”的情况下代理客户, 业务, 财产, 或者个人兴趣.”
2. Since B will be employed and compensated by the Firm, this situation is different from the common one in which two lawyers in different firms are co-counsel in a case. 在这种情况下, conflicts of one lawyer are 不 imputed to the other, at least in the absence of an exchange of confidential information. E.g.Richers v. 沼泽 & McLennon Group associates, 459 N.W.2d 478 (Iowa 1990); Brennan’s Inc. v. 布伦南餐厅公司., 590 F.2d 168(第5章. 1979).
3. 规则7.1 bars false or misleading communications about a lawyer’s services.
